Despite being characterized by the same composition (cellulose/cellulose derivatives and calcium carbonate), Products 2, 3, and 6 revealed significant differences in terms of TS, VS, ThBMP, and BMP. The average of BMP values ranged between 50.4 ± 2.1 NmL/gVS and 437.5 ± 1.0 NmL/gVS. Significant differences were recorded between BMP values according to the chemical composition of the polymers. The highest ThBMP (538.6 ± 8.7 NmL/gVS) was observed in Product 4 correlated with the highest C and H contents, while the lowest ThBMP (431.8 ± 6.1 NmL/gVS) was observed in Product 2.
Elemental analysis (elements C, H, N, S, and O) was used to estimate the theoretical methane production (ThBMP) of each product. Key differences were observed in total solids (TS) and volatile solids (VS) contents between the studied biopolymer products. Chemical analysis of the biodegradable plastics included elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. In this study, biomethane potential (BMP) tests were carried out under mesophilic conditions on eight different catering biodegradable plastics available in the market and certified as being biodegradable under industrial composting conditions.
At their end-of-life stage, bioplastics can generate added value through aerobic and anaerobic biological treatments (composting or anaerobic digestion). They provide a variety of methods for efficient waste management contributing to the goals of the circular economy. Bioplastics have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional plastics, marketed as environmentally friendly and sustainable materials.
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